Paraoxonase

Paraoxonase

Paraoxonase

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  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Paraoxonase-2 Human Recombinant

    Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 2, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 2, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 2, A-esterase 2, Aromatic esterase 2.

    Product # :

    ENZ-300

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    Description

    Paraoxonase-2 Human Recombinant is expressed in E. coli having a molecular weight of 43.5 kDa and fused to an amino terminal hexahistidine tag.The PON2 purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    PON2 is supplied in PBS and 50% glycerol.

    Purity

    Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
    Single band on Western Blot.

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    • Introduction

      Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) is a member of a multigene family whose genes share 65% identity at the amino acid level, and is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the pancreas. PON2 overexpression has been shown to lower the intracellular oxidative state and reduce the cells ability to oxidize LDL. PON2 is therefore implicated in the modulation of oxidative stress.

    • Synonyms

      Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 2, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 2, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 2, A-esterase 2, Aromatic esterase 2.

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered clear solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 1-2 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MGRLVAVGLLGIALALLGERLLALRNRLKASREVESVDLPHCHLIKGIEAGSEDID ILPNGLAFFSVGLKFPGLHSFAPDKPGGILMMDLKEEKPRARELRISRGFDLASFNP HGISTFIDNDDTVYLFVVNHPEFKNTVEIFKFEEAENSLLHLKTVKHELLPSVNDIT AVGPAHFYATNDHYFSDPFLKYLETYLNLHWANVVYYSPNEVKVVAEGFDSAN GINISPDDKYIYVADILAHEIHVLEKHTNMNLTQLKVLELDTLVDNLSIDPSSGDIW VGCHPNGQKLFVYDPNNPPSSEVLRIQNILSEKPTVTTVYANNGSVLQGSSVASVY DGKLLIGTLYHRALYCELZ.

    • Applications

      Arylesterase 2 can be used directly as a positive control in Western blotting, ELISA, immunoprecipitation and other immunological experiments.
      The biological activity of this product has not yet been tested.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pon2 Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Paraoxonase-1 Human Recombinant, HEK

    Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, Aromatic esterase 1, A-esterase 1 , Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, paraoxonase 1, K-45, ESA, PON, MVCD5

    Product # :

    ENZ-1154

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    Description

    PON1 Human Recombinant produced in HEK cells is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (16-355 a.a) containing a total of 346 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 39.0kDa. PON1 is fused to a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus,and is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    HEK293 Cells.

    Formulation

    The PON1 solution (0.25mg/ml) contains 20% Glycerol and Phosphate-Buffered Saline (pH 7.4).

    Purity

    Greater than 90.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    Biological Activity

    Specific activity is > 2,500 pmol/min/ug. Defined by the amount of enzyme that  hydrolyzes 1pmole of pnitrophenyl acetate to p-nitrophenol per minute at pH 7.5 at 37˚C.

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    • Introduction

      Paraoxonase-1 or PON1 is part of the paraoxonase group of proteins. PON1 is an enzyme, responsible to the toxic metabolites of a different of organophosphorus insecticides hydrolyzation. Furthermore, PON1 is a dominant anti-atherosclerotic part of HDL. The enzyme needs PPAR-gamma for activation, leading to synthesis and release of paraoxonase 1 from the liver tissue, resulting in atherosclerosis reduction. PON1 has many qualities for atheroprotective through inflammatory lipid peroxides metabolism. This enzyme can hydrolyze a large number of substrates, for example cyclic carbonates, lactones, nerve gases etc.

    • Synonyms

      Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, Aromatic esterase 1, A-esterase 1 , Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, paraoxonase 1, K-45, ESA, PON, MVCD5

    • Physical Appearance

      Sterile Filtered colorless solution.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      LFRNHQSSYQ TRLNALREVQ PVELPNCNLV KGIETGSEDL EILPNGLAFI SSGLKYPGIK SFNPNSPGKI LLMDLNEEDP TVLELGITGS KFDVSSFNPH GISTFTDEDN AMYLLVVNHP DAKSTVELFK FQEEEKSLLH LKTIRHKLLP NLNDIVAVGP EHFYGTNDHY FLDPYLQSWE MYLGLAWSYV VYYSPSEVRV VAEGFDFANG INISPDGKYV YIAELLAHKI HVYEKHANWT LTPLKSLDFN TLVDNISVDP ETGDLWVGCH PNGMKIFFYD SENPPASEVL RIQNILTEEP KVTQVYAENG TVLQGSTVAS VYKGKLLIGT VFHKALYCEL HHHHHH

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pon1 Enzyme
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    Description:

    Paraoxonase-1 (68-124) Human Recombinant

    Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1.

    Product # :

    ENZ-1197

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    Description

    The PON1 Human is created as a recombinant protein with a 4kda N-terminal fusion of His Tag. The PON1 His-Tagged Fusion Protein, produced in E. coli, is a 12kDa protein containing 57 amino acid residues of the PON1 Human, 68-124 amino acids.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Each mg was lyophilized with 1xPBS, 0.4% SDS and 4mM DTT.

    Purity

    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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    • Synonyms

      Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1.

    • Physical Appearance

      Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store lyophilized PON1 at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Product is not sterile!

      Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it on cell culture.

    • Background

      Paraoxonase 1 also known as PON1takes part in the detoxification of organophosphate insecticides such as parathion.

      PON1 is related to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the plasma and takes an important part in lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense.

      PON1 was first known for its ability to hydrolyze organophosphates and protect against oxidative stress.

      PON1 reduces oxidative stress by preventing the oxidation of lipids in LDL particles, which is extremely important in mitigating atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.

      PON1 has an anti-inflammatory effects which help reduce inflammatory markers in different disease states.

      PON1 takes part in cholesterol metabolism, influencing the stability and formation of HDL particles, which are vital for lipid transport and reverse cholesterol efflux.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pon1 Protein
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Paraoxonase-1 (170-232) Human Recombinant

    Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1.

    Product # :

    ENZ-1198

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    Description

    The PON1 Human is created as a recombinant protein with a 4kda N-terminal fusion of His Tag. The PON1 His-Tagged Fusion Protein, produced in E. coli, is a 13kDa protein containing 63 amino acid residues of the PON1 Human, 170-232 amino acids.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    Each mg was lyophilized with 1xPBS, 0.4% SDS and 4mM DTT.

    Purity

    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Synonyms

      Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1.

    • Physical Appearance

      Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store lyophilized PON1 at -20°C. Aliquot the product after reconstitution to avoid repeated freezing/thawing cycles. Reconstituted protein can be stored at 4°C for a limited period of time; it does not show any change after two weeks at 4°C.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to add deionized water to prepare a working stock solution of approximately 0.5mg/ml and let the lyophilized pellet dissolve completely. Product is not sterile!

      Please filter the product by an appropriate sterile filter before using it on cell culture.

    • Background

      PON1takes part in the detoxification of organophosphate insecticides such as parathion.

      PON1 is related to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the plasma and takes an important part in lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense.

      PON1 was first known for its ability to protect against oxidative stress and hydrolyze organophosphates.

      PON1 reduces oxidative stress by preventing the oxidation of lipids in LDL particles, which is extremely important in mitigating atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases.

      PON1 has anti-inflammatory effects which help reduce inflammatory markers in different disease states.

      PON1 takes part in cholesterol metabolism, influencing the stability and formation of HDL particles, which are vital for lipid transport and reverse cholesterol efflux.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Paraoxonase 1 Human
  • View Data Sheet

    Description:

    Paraoxonase-1 Human Recombinant

    Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, A-esterase 1, Aromatic esterase 1, K-45, ESA, PON.

    Product # :

    ENZ-299

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    Description

    Paraoxonase-1 Isoform Human Recombinant is expressed in E. coli, fused to a 7 amino acid c- terminal hexahistidine tag, containing 362 amino acids and ( 1-355 a.a.) having a total molecular weight of 40.68kDa. The PON1 purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

    Source

    Escherichia Coli.

    Formulation

    lyophilized from 0.5 mg/mL in 20mM Tris buffer, 50 mM NaCl, pH 7.5

    Purity

    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

    More Info

    • Introduction

      Paraoxonase 1 also called Esterase-A is involved in the detoxification of organophosphate insecticides such as parathion. Paraoxonase 1 may also confer protection against coronary artery disease by destroying proinflammatory oxidized lipids present in oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDLs).

    • Synonyms

      Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase 1, EC 3.1.1.2, EC 3.1.8.1, PON 1, Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1, A-esterase 1, Aromatic esterase 1, K-45, ESA, PON.

    • Physical Appearance

      White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.

    • Stability

      Store at 4°C if entire vial will be used within 1-2 weeks. Store, frozen at -20°C for longer periods of time. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.

    • Solubility

      It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized PON1 in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O not less than 100µg/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

    • Amino Acid Sequence

      MAKLIALTLLGMGLALFRNHQSSYQTRLNALREVQPVELPNCNLVKGIETGSEDLEILPNGL
      AFISSGLKYPGIKSFNPNSPGKILLMDLNEEDPTVLELGITGSKFDVSSFNPHGISTFTDEDNA
      MYLLVVNHPDAKSTVELFKFQEEEKSLLHLKTIRHKLLPNLNDIVAVGPEHFYGTNDHYFLD
      PYLQSWEMYLGLAWSYVVYYSPSEVRVVAEGFDFANGINISPDGKYVYIAELLAHKIHVYEK
      HANWTLTPLKSLDFNTLVDNISVDPETGDLWVGCHPNGMKIFFYDSENPPASEVLRIQNILT
      EEPKVTQVYAENGTVLQGSTVASVYKGKLLIGTVFHKALYCELEHHHHHH.

    ProSpec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.

    Pon1 Human

About Paraoxonase:

Paraoxonases are a family of enzymes that is found in mammals. These enzymes were originally discovered when analysing the hydrolysis of organophosphates. There are 3 types of paraoxonase isozymes, known as paraoxonase 1, paraoxonase 2, and paraoxonase 3.

Paraoxonase function
There are three known forms of paraoxonase enzymes. Paraoxonase 1, this enzyme is expressed most commonly by the liver, but can also be found in tissue in the colon and kidneys. Paraoxonase 1 that is produced by the liver is distributed through the bloodstream, where it comes into contact with high-density lipoprotein, also known as HDL. Paraoxonase 1 is compatible with multiple substrates, and it is proven to have antioxidant properties when preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). This can help to lower the risk of atherosclerosis, a major risk factor for heart disease. Paraoxonase 2, this is an intracellular protein, which is expressed throughout the body. Its main function is to protect against oxidative damage. Although it has antioxidant capabilities, it cannot hydrolyze some types of organophosphate metabolites, unlike paraoxonase 1 and 3. Paraoxonase 3 is similar to paraoxonase 1, but there are differences in substrate interaction. Research suggests that PON3 activity is up to 100 times lower than that of PON1. As PON3 also binds to HDL, it can play a role in preventing the oxidation of LDL and HDL.
Atherosclerosis is one of the most common and potent risk factors for coronary heart disease. As paraoxonases, most notably PON1 and PON3, have an association with HDL and LDL, they can play a significant role in reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
The function of paraoxonases can be inhibited by lipid peroxides, which may be present in the blood. It is possible for lipid peroxides to hamper the antioxidant role of paraoxonases. If PON1 and PON3 activity are reduced, this can increase the risk of LDL oxidation.

PON Structure
Paraoxonase 1 consists of 354 amino acids, which are arranged in a propeller-like structure, which has a central channel that contains two calcium ions. The location of the calcium ions has a significant impact on the function and activity of PON1. The calcium ion that lies deepest in the tunnel has a structural role, while the other calcium ion is involved in catalysing reactions and positioning the substrate.

Paraoxonase Mechanisms
Researchers have been studying this family of enzymes for many years now, but a lack of information related to natural substrates and the diversity of roles the enzymes play has made it difficult to pinpoint the specific mechanisms involved in reactions that are catalysed by this enzyme group. All paraoxonase enzymes use catalytic calcium ions as an oxy-anion to secure substrates and stabilise reactions. The active site of serum paraoxonase-1 may also utilise 2 histidine residues, glutamic acid and asparagine to stabilise transitional sites.