About FNDC / Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing:
Fibronectin type III, which is usually 100 amino acids long, is more predominantly found in animal proteins. Out of the three known fibronectin type domains, type three does not have disulfide bonding. The fibronectin (FN) is located in extracellular proteins, and the first domain where the Fibronectin type III domain was identified has 16 copies of the domain. The domains can be found in various animals, plants, yeast and bacterial proteins.
FNDC Function
FNDC5 was discovered during a search for fibronectin type III domains in 2002. This gene encodes a prohormone, a secreted protein released from muscular activity during exercise. The encoded protein, irisin, takes part in the creation of brown fat. Translation of the prehormone inaugurates at a non-AUG start codon at a location conserved as an AUG start codon in other organisms. Varied splicing relays in multiple transcript variants.FNDC5 (Fibronectin Type III Domain 5) is a Protein Coding genetic material. Conditions associated with FNDC5 include Gastric Adenosquamous Carcinoma and Acanthosis Nigricans. Gene Ontology (GO) interpretations related to this genetic material include hormone activity. An essential paralog of this gene is FNDC4.
Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing Mechanism
Irisin enables the translation of white to Brown adipose tissue through increased UCP1 expression. It also works together with BDNF(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) to regulate its levels in the brain. Irisin negatively influences the levels of Human Glycated Hemoglobin (GHbA1c).In rats with type 2 diabetes, Irisin influences cognitive dysfunction as it regulates glycometabolism and BDNG. The proteins are interconnected and related to diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.